Search in:
Media type:
Subject group:
Language:
- 4211 (A) Primärliteratur
- 11 (A Abae) Petrus Abaelard
- 22 (A Ador) Theodor Adorno
- 1 (A Aegi) Aegidius Romanus
- 3 (A Agri) Agrippa von Nettesheim
- 2 (A Ais) Aischylos
- 5 (A al G) Abu-Hamid al-Ghazali
- (A al Raschid) Omar al-Raschid
- 34 (A Alb M) Albertus Magnus
- 1 (A Albert) Hans Albert
- 1 (A Alberti) Leon Battista Alberti
- 4 (A Alem) Jean le Rond d'Alembert
- 2 (A Alfa) Al-Farabi
- 1 (A Ang) Martinus Anglicus
- 10 (A Ans) Anselm von Canterbury
- 5 (A Ansco) G.E.M. Anscombe
- 107 (A Aquin) Thomas von Aquin
- 7 (A Aren) Hannah Arendt
- 137 (A Aris) Aristoteles
- 9 (A Aris Schule) Die Schule des Aristoteles
- 2 (A Aristox) Aristoxenos von Tarent
- 55 (A Augu) Aurelius Augustinus
- 1 (A Aven) Richard Avenarius
- 5 (A Aver) Averroes/Ibn Rushd
- 3 (A Avic) Avicenna/Ibn Sina
- 12 (A Ayer) Alfred Ayer
- 2 (A Baad) Franz von Baader
- 22 (A Bac F) Francis Bacon
- 3 (A Bac R) Roger Bacon
- 8 (A Bach) Johann Jakob Bachofen
- 1 (A Baku) Michail Bakunin
- 2 (A Barthes) Roland Barthes
- (A Bata) Georges Bataille
- (A Baud) Charles Baudelaire
- 7 (A Bauer) Bruno Bauer)
- 1 (A Baum) Alexander Baumgarten
- 5 (A Beat) James Beattie
- 1 (A Beauv) Simone de Beauvoir
- 1 (A Beck) Samuel Beckett
- 1 (A Belin) Wissarion Belinski
- 6 (A Benj) Walter Benjamin
- 5 (A Bense) Max Bense
- 4 (A Bent) Jeremy Bentham
- 3 (A Berd) Nikolai Berdjajew
- 11 (A Berg) Henri Bergson
- 15 (A Berk) George Berkeley
- 6 (A Berl) Isaiah Berlin
- 6 (A Bernh) Bernhard von Clairvaux
- 1 (A Bibel) Bibel
- (A Bir) Marie-Francois-Pierre Biran
- (A Blanq) Auguste Blanqui
- 7 (A Bloch) Ernst Bloch
- 6 (A Blondel) Maurice Blondel
- 16 (A Blum) Hans Blumenberg
- 1 (A Bodin) Jean Bodin
- 4 (A Boeth) Boethius
- (A Boetie) Étienne de La Boétie
- (A Bois E) Emil du Bois-Reymond
- 1 (A Bois P) Paul du Bois-Reymond
- 15 (A Bolz) Bernard Bolzano
- 1 (A Bona) Bonaventura
- 3 (A Brad) F. H. Bradley
- 25 (A Bren) Franz Brentano
- 9 (A Bruno) Giordano Bruno
- 6 (A Buber) Martin Buber
- 15 (A Bunge) Mario Bunge
- 3 (A Burck) Jacob Burckhardt
- 5 (A Buri) Johannes Buridanus
- 8 (A Burke) Edmund Burke
- 3 (A Burl) Walter Burleigh
- (A Burt) Robert Burton
- 1 (A But) Joseph Butler
- 12 (A Böhme) Jacob Böhme
- 1 (A Camp) Tommaso Campanella
- 1 (A Campb) George Campbell
- 2 (A Camus) Albert Camus
- 16 (A Carn) Rudolph Carnap
- 1 (A Carus) Carl Gustav Carus
- 51 (A Cass) Ernst Cassirer
- 4 (A Cast) Hector-Neri Castaneda
- 1 (A Chang) Chang Tsai
- 2 (A Cher) Herbert von Cherbury
- 6 (A Chis) Roderick Chisholm
- 2 (A Chom) Noam Chomsky
- 20 (A Cice) Marcus Tullius Cicero
- 3 (A Cior) Emile M. Cioran
- 1 (A Clarke) Samuel Clarke
- 2 (A Claub) Johann Clauberg
- 1 (A Claus) Carl von Clausewitz
- 11 (A Cohen) Hermann Cohen
- 6 (A Colling) Robin George Collingwood
- 1 (A Collins) Anthony Collins
- 3 (A Comenius) Johann Amos Comenius
- 10 (A Comte) Auguste Comte
- 8 (A Con) Hedwig Conrad-Martius
- 6 (A Cond) Etienne Bonnot Condillac
- 2 (A Coper) Nikolaus Copernikus
- 1 (A Cordemoy) Gerauld de Cordemoy
- 1 (A Cra) Crathorn
- 1 (A Creuzer) Leonhard Creuzer
- 11 (A Croce) Benedetto Croce
- 4 (A Crus) Christian Crusius
- 1 (A Cudworth) Ralph Cudworth
- 37 (A Cues) Nikolaus von Cues
- 1 (A Dama) Johannes Damascenus
- 1 (A Damas) Nicolaus Damascenus
- 9 (A Dante) Dante Alighieri
- 7 (A Davi) Donald Davidson
- 17 (A Derri) Jacques Derrida
- 49 (A Des) René Descartes
- 4 (A Dest) Antoine Louis Claude Destutt de Tracy
- 51 (A Dew) John Dewey
- 8 (A Diderot) Denis Diderot
- 2 (A Diet) Dietrich von Freiberg
- 1 (A Digby) Kenelem Digby
- 32 (A Dilt) Wilhelm Dilthey
- 11 (A Ding) Hugo Dingler
- 5 (A Diog) Diogenes Laertius
- 1 (A Dion) Pseudo-Dionysius
- 2 (A Droy) Johann Gustav Droysen
- 35 (A Duns) Johannes Duns Scotus
- 8 (A Durk) Émile Durkheim
- 2 (A Dühr) Eugen Dühring
- 10 (A Eck) Meister Eckhart
- 4 (A Ehr) Christian von Ehrenfels
- 1 (A Einsiedeln) August von Einsiedeln
- 6 (A Einst) Albert Einstein
- 13 (A Emer) Ralph Waldo Emerson
- (A Engels) Friedrich Engels
- 7 (A Epikt) Epiktet
- 2 (A Epiku) Epikur
- 23 (A Eras) Erasmus von Rotterdam
- 1 (A Erhard) Johann Benjamin Erhard
- 2 (A Eriu) Johannes Scotus Eriugena
- 1 (A Eurip) Euripides
- 3 (A Fech) Gustav Theodor Fechner
- 1 (A Fed) Johann Georg Feder
- (A Ferg) Adam Ferguson
- 2 (A Feu A) Paul Johann Feuerbach
- 17 (A Feu L) Ludwig Feuerbach
- 7 (A Feyer) Paul Feyerabend
- 94 (A Fich) Johann Gottlieb Fichte
- 3 (A Fici) Marsilius Ficinus
- 37 (A Font) Fontes Christiani
- 1 (A Forster) Georg Forster
- 6 (A Fouc) Michel Foucault
- 1 (A Fourier) Charles Fourier
- 10 (A Frank) Manfred Frank
- 6 (A Frege) Gottlob Frege
- 28 (A Freud) Sigmund Freud
- 4 (A Fries) Jakob Friedrich Fries
- 7 (A Fromm) Erich Fromm
- 1 (A Fröhlich) Carl Wilhelm Fröhlich
- 1 (A Gab) Salomon ibn Gabirol
- 27 (A Gada) Hans-Georg Gadamer
- 1 (A Galen) Galen
- 2 (A Gali) Galileo Galilei
- 2 (A Garve) Christian Garve
- 5 (A Gassendi) Pierre Gassendi
- 14 (A Gehlen) Arnold Gehlen
- 2 (A Gell) Aulus Gellius
- 4 (A Geul) Arnold Geulincx
- 5 (A Glo) Hermann Glockner
- 3 (A Goethe) Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- (A Gold) Lucien Goldmann
- 3 (A Gomp) Heinrich Gomperz
- 6 (A Good) Nelson Goodmann
- 1 (A Gorg) Gorgias von Leontinoi
- 1 (A Gott) Johann Christoph Gottsched
- 1 (A Gramsci) Antonio Gramsci
- 3 (A Green) Thomas Hill Green
- 1 (A Greg Ri) Gregor von Rimini
- 1 (A Greg Ny) Gregor von Nyssa
- 1 (A Gund) Dominicus Gundissalinus
- 12 (A Haber) Jürgen Habermas
- 1 (A Haeck) Ernst Haeckel
- 2 (A Haecker) Theodor Haecker
- 11 (A Hama) Johann Georg Hamann
- 4 (A Hamilt) William Hamilton
- 1 (A Harri) James Harrington
- 33 (A Hart E) Eduard von Hartmann
- 17 (A Hart N) Nicolai Hartmann
- 11 (A Hayek) Friedrich August von Hayek
- 126 (A Heg) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
- 130 (A Heid) Martin Heidegger
- 1 (A Heine) Heinrich Heine
- 14 (A Heinr) Heinrich von Gent
- 3 (A Heller) Hermann Heller
- 4 (A Helm) Hermann von Helmholtz
- 7 (A Helv) Claude Adrien Helvetius
- (A Hemsterhuis) Frans Hemsterhuis
- 1 (A Hera) Heraklit
- 20 (A Herb) Johann Friedrich Herbart
- (A Herd) Johann Gottfried Herder
- (A Hero) Herodot
- 1 (A Hesi) Hesiod
- 1 (A Hild) Hildegard von Bingen
- 27 (A Hob) Thomas Hobbes
- 1 (A Hof) Johann Christoph Hoffbauer
- 3 (A Holb) Paul-Henri Thiry d'Holbach
- 1 (A Home) Henry Home
- 2 (A Homer) Homer
- 32 (A Hork) Max Horkheimer
- 1 (A Hugo) Hugo von Sankt Viktor
- 1 (A Humb) Alexander von Humboldt
- 2 (A Humb W) Wilhelm von Humboldt
- 20 (A Hume) David Hume
- 52 (A Huss) Edmund Husserl
- 5 (A Hut) Francis Hutcheson
- 4 (A Häb) Paul Häberlin
- (A Höld) Friedrich Hölderlin
- 13 (A Hönig) Richard Hönigswald
- 1 (A Iambli) Iamblichos
- 3 (A Ibn Khal) Ibn Khaldun
- 1 (A Ign) Ignatius von Antiochien
- 2 (A Ihering) Rudolph von Ihering
- 16 (A Jacobi) Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi
- 25 (A James) William James
- 39 (A Jasp) Karl Jaspers
- 14 (A Jon) Hans Jonas
- 1 (A Julian) Kaiser Julian
- 1 (A Jung) Joachim Jungius
- 116 (A Kant) Immanuel Kant
- 9 (A Kass) Rudolf Kassner
- 10 (A Kelsen) Hans Kelsen
- 1 (A Kepler) Johannes Kepler
- 6 (A Keren) Karl Kerenyi
- 42 (A Kier) Sören Kierkegaard
- 62 (A Kirch) Kirchenväter
- 11 (A Kit) Philip Kitcher
- 8 (A Klages) Ludwig Klages
- (A Klei) Heinrich von Kleist
- 3 (A Kope) Nicolaus Kopernikus
- 9 (A Krac) Siegried Kracauer
- 1 (A Krop) Pjotr Kropotkin
- 3 (A Kyn) Kyniker
- 9 (A Körner) Stephan Körner
- 6 (A Lac) Jacques Lacan
- 11 (A Lamb) Johann-Heinrich Lambert
- (A Lambli) Iamblichos
- 7 (A Lang) Susanne Langer
- 5 (A Lask) Emil Lask
- 1 (A Lasson) Adolf Lasson
- 112 (A Leib) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- 2 (A Lenin) Wladimir Iljitsch Lenin
- 1 (A Leop) Giacomo Leopardi
- (A Less) Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
- 2 (A Less Th) Theodor Lessing
- 12 (A Levin) Emmanuel Lévinas
- 1 (A Licht) Georg Lichtenberg
- (A Lieb) Karl Liebknecht
- 1 (A Lill) Alain von Lille
- (A Lipsius) Justus Lipsius
- 1 (A Litt) Theodor Litt
- 20 (A Locke) John Locke
- 3 (A Log) Knud Ejiler Løgstrup
- 13 (A Lotze) Hermann Lotze
- 4 (A Luh) Niklas Luhmann
- 3 (A Luka) Georg Lukacs
- (A Luki) Lukian
- 2 (A Lukrez) Lukrez
- 2 (A Lull) Raimundus Lullus
- 1 (A Lux) Rosa Luxemburg
- 3 (A Lyot) Jean-Francois Lyotard
- 17 (A Löwi) Karl Löwith
- 14 (A Lübbe) Hermann Lübbe
- 4 (A Mach) Ernst Mach
- 7 (A Machi) Niccolo Machiavelli
- 7 (A Mai) Salomon Maimon
- 8 (A Maier) Anneliese Maier
- 6 (A Maim) Moses ben Maimonides
- 4 (A Main) Philipp Mainländer
- 19 (A Male) Nicolas Malebranche
- 1 (A Mallarme) Stephane Mallarmé
- 2 (A Malory) Thomas Malory
- 3 (A Malr) André Malraux
- 3 (A Mande) Bernard Mandeville
- (A Mane) Maneto
- 1 (A Manet) Giannozzo Manetti
- 1 (A Mao) Mao Tse-Tung
- 4 (A Marc A) Marc Aurel
- 3 (A Marcel) Gabriel Marcel
- 14 (A Marcuse) Herbert Marcuse
- 1 (A Marcuse L) Ludwig Marcuse
- 2 (A Mars) Marsilius von Inghen
- 3 (A Marty) Anton Marty
- 4 (A Marx) Karl Marx
- 1 (A Max T) Maximos von Tyros
- 1 (A May) Mayne/Pseudo-Mayne
- 2 (A McT) John McTaggart
- 10 (A Mead) George Herbert Mead
- 7 (A Mehr) Franz Mehring
- 12 (A Mein) Alexius Meinong
- 9 (A Melanch) Phillip Melanchton
- 16 (A Mend) Moses Mendelsohn
- 8 (A Merl) Maurice Merleau-Ponty
- 1 (A Meslier) Abbe Meslier
- 3 (A Mett) Julien Offray de la Mettrie
- 13 (A Mill) John Stuart Mill
- (A Milton) John Milton
- (A Minucius) Felix Minucius
- 12 (A Mont) Michel de Montaigne
- (A Monte) Charles de Montesquieu
- 4 (A Moore) George Edward Moore
- (A More) Henry More
- 3 (A Morgan) Thomas Morgan
- 1 (A Morus) Thomas Morus
- 9 (A Nag) Thomas Nagel
- 4 (A Nel) Leonhard Nelson
- 2 (A Neur) Otto Neurath
- 2 (A New) Isaac Newton
- 1 (A Nico) Nikomachos von Gerasa
- 137 (A Nietz) Friedrich Nietzsche
- 1 (A Nizo) Marius Nizolius
- 3 (A Nov) Friedrich von Hardenberg/Novalis
- 4 (A Noz) Robert Nozick
- 25 (A Ock) Wilhelm von Ockham
- 5 (A Orig) Origines
- 10 (A Orte) José Ortega y Gasset
- 1 (A Osma) Wilhelm von Osma
- (A Ovid) Ovid
- 1 (A Paine) Thomas Paine
- 3 (A Para) Theophrastus Hohenheim/Paracelsus
- 1 (A Pareto) Vilfredo Pareto
- 2 (A Parm) Parmenides
- 9 (A Pasc) Pascal Blaise
- 4 (A Patz) Günther Patzig
- 9 (A Paw) Iwan Petrowitsch Pawlow
- 22 (A Peir) Charles Sanders Peirce
- 1 (A Peter) Peter Aureoli
- 2 (A Petr) Francesco Petrarca
- 2 (A Petrus) Petrus Hispanus
- 1 (A Petrus Joh) Petrus Johannis Olivi
- 15 (A Philo) Philo von Alexandria
- 8 (A Picht) Georg Picht
- 4 (A Pico) Pico della Mirandola
- 1 (A Platen) August von Platen
- 72 (A Plato) Platon
- 2 (A Plech) Georgi Walentinowitsch Plechanow
- 14 (A Pless) Helmuth Plessner
- 3 (A Plo) Plotin
- 4 (A Plut) Plutarch
- (A Polybios) Polybios
- 1 (A Pon) Giovanni Pontano
- 1 (A Pope) Alexander Pope
- 16 (A Popper) Karl Popper
- 1 (A Pri) Richard Price
- 16 (A Pro) Proklos
- 1 (A Proudhon) Pierre Joseph Proudhon
- 1 (A Pufe) Samuel Pufendorf
- 15 (A Putnam) Hilary Putnam
- 14 (A Quine) Willard van Orman Quine
- (A Quint) Marcus Fabius Quintilianus
- 15 (A Rad) Gustav Radbruch
- 10 (A Raw) John Rawls
- 4 (A Reh) Johannes Rehmke
- 5 (A Rei) Adolf Reinach
- 11 (A Reich) Hans Reichenbach
- 3 (A Reid) Thomas Reid
- 6 (A Rein) Leonhard Reinhold
- 22 (A Resch) Nicholas Rescher
- 14 (A Rick) Heinrich Rickert
- 9 (A Rico) Paul Ricoeur
- 11 (A Rort) Richard Rorty
- 11 (A Ros) Antonio Rosmini
- 5 (A Rosen) Franz Rosenzweig
- 4 (A Rosenk) Karl Rosenkranz
- 5 (A Rouss) Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- 9 (A Roy) Josiah Royce
- 45 (A Rus) Bertrand Russell
- 6 (A Ryle) Gilbert Ryle
- (A Saint-Viktor) Richard von Sankt Viktor
- 22 (A Sart) Jean Paul Sartre
- 21 (A Sche) Max Scheler
- 34 (A Schell) Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
- 10 (A Schill) Friedrich Schiller
- 1 (A Schirazi) Schirazi
- 23 (A Schlegel) Friedrich Schlegel
- 36 (A Schlei) Friedrich Schleiermacher
- 4 (A Schlick) Moritz Schlick
- 12 (A Schmitt) Carl Schmitt
- 35 (A Scho) Arthur Schopenhauer
- 8 (A Schu) Gottlob Ernst Schulze
- 8 (A Schw) Albert Schweizer
- (A Schü) Alfred Schütz
- 4 (A Sell) Wilfrid Sellars
- 1 (A Seneca) Lucius Annaeus Seneca
- 1 (A Seume) Johann Gottfried Seume
- 3 (A Seuse) Heinrich Seuse
- 6 (A Sext) Sextus Empiricus
- 8 (A Shaft) Anthony Ashley Cooper Shaftesbury
- 4 (A Shake) William Shakespeare
- 6 (A Siger) Siger von Brabant
- 26 (A Simmel) Georg Simmel
- 3 (A Smith) Adam Smith
- 7 (A Sohn) Alfred Sohn-Rethel
- 6 (A Solov) Wladimir Solovjeff
- 8 (A Somb) Werner Sombart
- 1 (A Soph) Sophokles
- 1 (A Sorel) Georges Sorel
- 9 (A Speng) Oswald Spengler
- 26 (A Spin) Baruch de Spinoza
- 1 (A Stael) Germaine de Stael
- 2 (A Stal) Joseph Stalin
- 11 (A Stei) Rudolf Steiner
- 10 (A Stein E) Edith Stein
- 2 (A Stirner) Max Stirner
- 12 (A Str) Leo Strauss
- 5 (A Sua) Franciso Suárez
- 2 (A Sva) Carl Gottlieb Svarez
- 2 (A Teilh) Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
- 2 (A Tertullian) Tertullian
- 5 (A Tetens) Johannes Nicolaus Tetens
- 2 (A Theophr) Theophrastos
- 1 (A Thomas Kemp)
- 5 (A Thomasius) Christian Thomasius
- 3 (A Tocq) Alexis de Tocqueville
- 2 (A Toland) John Toland
- 1 (A Trakl) Georg Trakl
- 5 (A Trend) Adolf Trendelenburg
- 6 (A Troel) Ernst Troeltsch
- 6 (A Trotzki) Leo Trotzki
- 1 (A Trox) Ignaz Paul Vital Troxler
- 1 (A Tschirn) Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus
- 2 (A Tug) Ernst Tugendhat
- 2 (A Turn) George Turnbull
- 1 (A Unamuno) Miguel Unamuno
- 14 (A Val) Paul Valéry
- 1 (A Ver) Hiller von Verona
- 1 (A Vergil) Vergil
- 8 (A Vico) Giovanni Battista Vico
- 1 (A Vict) Marius Victorinus
- 8 (A Voe) Eric Voegelin
- 1 (A Volney) Constantin Francois Volney
- 14 (A Voltaire) Voltaire
- 2 (A Vorsok) Vorsokratiker
- 12 (A Walz) Michael Walzer
- 3 (A Weber A) Alfred Weber
- 21 (A Weber M) Max Weber
- 1 (A Weitling) Wilhelm Weitling
- 12 (A Weiz C) Carl-Friedrich Weizsäcker
- (A Weiz Vik) Viktor von Weizsäcker
- 5 (A Whew) William Whewell
- 12 (A White) Alfred North Whitehead
- 2 (A Wilh Auv) Wilhelm von Auvergne
- 38 (A Witt) Ludwig Wittgenstein
- 18 (A Wolff) Christian Wolff
- 1 (A Wundt) Wilhelm Wundt
- 1 (A Xenop) Xenophon
- 1 (A Zeller) Eduard Zeller
- (ALLG) Allgemeine Einführungsliteratur und Metaphilosophie
- 106 (D) Philosophiedidaktik
- 4138 (GE) Sekundärliteratur
- 7 (GE Abae) Peter Abaelard
- 61 (GE Ador) Theodor Adorno
- 1 (GE Aegi) Aegidius Romanus
- 1 (GE Aga) Giorgio Agamben
- 16 (GE Alb M) Albertus Magnus
- 1 (GE Albert) Hans Albert
- 1 (GE Alcuin) Alcuin
- 5 (GE Ans) Anselm von Canterbury
- 1 (GE Apel) Karl-Otto Apel
- 53 (GE Aquin) Thomas von Aquin
- 15 (GE Aren) Hannah Arendt
- 131 (GE Aris) Aristoteles
- 2 (GE Arm) David Armstrong
- 34 (GE Augu) Aurelius Augustinus
- 1 (GE Aust) John Austin
- 2 (GE Aven) Richard Avenarius
- 1 (GE Babeuf) François Noël Babeuf
- 2 (GE Bac F) Francis Bacon
- 3 (GE Bac R) Roger Bacon
- 1 (GE Bach) Michael Bachtin
- 1 (GE Baku) Michael Alexandrowitsch Bakunin
- 1 (GE Barth) Karl Barth
- 2 (GE Barthes) Roland Barthes
- 1 (GE Bata) Georges Bataille
- (GE Baud) Jean Baudrillard
- 2 (GE Bauer) Bruno Bauer
- 1 (GE Baum) Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten
- 2 (GE Bayle) Pierre Bayle
- 2 (GE Beck) Samuel Beckett
- 1 (GE Becker) Oskar Becker
- 30 (GE Benj) Walter Benjamin
- 1 (GE Bense) Max Bense
- 3 (GE Bent) Jeremy Bentham
- 1 (GE Berd) Nikolaj Berdjajew
- 6 (GE Berg) Henri Bergson
- 14 (GE Berk) George Berkeley
- 2 (GE Bernh) Bernhard von Clairvaux
- 10 (GE Bloch) Ernst Bloch
- 1 (GE Blondel) Maurice Blondel
- 1 (GE Blum) Hans Blumenberg
- 1 (GE Boeth) Boëthius
- 1 (GE Bona) Bonaventura
- 1 (GE Bour) Pierre Bourdieu
- 2 (GE Brad) Francis Herbert Bradley
- 14 (GE Bren) Franz Brentano
- 1 (GE Broad) C. D. Broad
- 1 (GE Broch) Hermann Broch
- 1 (GE Brun) Constantin Brunner
- (GE Bruno) Giordano Bruno
- 3 (GE Buber) Martin Buber
- 4 (GE Burck) Jakob Burckhardt
- 2 (GE Buri) Johannes Buridanus
- 3 (GE Burke) Edmund Burke
- 2 (GE Busch) Wilhelm Busch
- 1 (GE But) Judith Butler
- 5 (GE Böhme) Jakob Böhme
- 1 (GE Büh) Karl Bühler
- 4 (GE Camus) Albert Camus
- 5 (GE Carn) Rudolf Carnap
- 1 (GE Carus) Carl G. Carus
- 15 (GE Cass) Ernst Cassierer
- 1 (GE Cast) Hector-Neri Castaneda
- 1 (GE Cav) Stanley Cavell
- 3 (GE Chis) Roderick Chisholm
- 8 (GE Cice) Marcus Tullius Cicero
- 3 (GE Cior) Emil Cioran
- 4 (GE Cohen) Hermann Cohen
- 1 (GE Cole) Samuel Taylor Coleridge
- 1 (GE Coll) Robin George Collingwood
- 4 (GE Com) Auguste Comte
- 1 (GE Cramer) Wolfgang Cramer
- 1 (GE Crus) Christian August Crusius
- 25 (GE Cues) Nikolaus von Cues
- 1 (GE da Vin) Leonardo da Vinci
- 1 (GE Dante) Dante Alighieri
- 6 (GE Darw) Charles Darwin
- 6 (GE Davi) Donald Davidson
- 1 (GE de Beauvoir) Simone de Beauvoir
- 2 (GE Deleu) Gilles Deleuze
- 1 (GE Demo) Demokrit
- 1 (GE Den) Daniel Dennett
- 3 (GE Derr) Jacques Derrida
- 47 (GE Des) René Descartes
- 1 (GE Dessa) Friedrich Dessauer
- 6 (GE Dew) John Dewey
- 1 (GE Dide) Dennis Diderot
- 28 (GE Dil) Wilhelm Dilthey
- 1 (GE Dion) Dionysius der Kartäuser
- 1 (GE Dion A) Dionysius vom Areopag
- 3 (GE Dost) Fjodor Michailowitsch Dostojewski
- 1 (GE Driesch) Hans Driesch
- 8 (GE Duns) Duns Scotus
- 1 (GE Durk) Émile Durkheim
- 7 (GE Eck) Meister Eckhart
- 2 (GE Ein) Albert Einstein
- 1 (GE Eliade) Mircea Eliade
- 1 (GE Elias) Norbert Elias
- 2 (GE Empe) Empedokles
- 2 (GE Engels) Friedrich Engels
- 9 (GE Epi) Epikur
- 3 (GE Epictet) Epiktet
- 4 (GE Eras) Erasmus von Rotterdam
- 6 (GE Eriu) Johannes Scotus Eriugena
- 1 (GE Etz) Amitai Etzioni
- 1 (GE Fene) François Fénelon
- 11 (GE Feu) Ludwig Feuerbach
- 1 (GE Feyer) Paul Feyerabend
- 74 (GE Fich) Johann Gottlieb Fichte
- 1 (GE Ficino) Massillio Ficino
- 19 (GE Fouc) Michel Foucault
- 1 (GE Franck) Sebastian Franck
- 1 (GE Frank) Manfred Frank
- 21 (GE Frege) Gottlob Frege
- 27 (GE Freud) Siegmund Freud
- 3 (GE Fries) Jakob Friedrich Fries
- 9 (GE Gada) Hans-Georg Gadamer
- 1 (GE Galen) Galen
- 2 (GE Gali) Galileo Galilei
- 1 (GE Gassendi) Pierre Gassendi
- 8 (GE Gehlen) Arnold Gehlen
- 1 (GE Gentile) Gentile da Cingoli
- 4 (GE Goethe) Johann Wolfgang Goethe
- 1 (GE Gold) Lucien Goldmann
- 2 (GE Gramsci) Antonio Gramsci
- 1 (GE Greg) Gregor von Nyssa
- 1 (GE Grün) Adolf Grünbaum
- 1 (GE Guyau) Jean-Marie Guyau
- 32 (GE Haber) Jürgen Habermas
- 6 (GE Hart E) Eduard von Hartmann
- 12 (GE Hart N) Nicolai Hartmann
- 2 (GE Hayek) Friedrich August von Hayek
- 397 (GE Heg) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
- 112 (GE Heid) Martin Heidegger
- 11 (GE Heine) Heinrich Heine
- 2 (GE Heisen) Werner Heisenberg
- 1 (GE Hemsterhuis) Frans Hemsterhuis
- 7 (GE Hera) Heraklit
- 1 (GE Herb) Johann Friedrich Herbart
- 2 (GE Herd) Johann Gottfried Herder
- 57 (GE Hob) Thomas Hobbes
- 7 (GE Hork) Max Horkheimer
- 1 (GE Hugo) Hugo von Sankt Viktor
- 2 (GE Humb A) Alexander von Humboldt
- 8 (GE Humb W) Wilhelm von Humboldt
- 45 (GE Hume) David Hume
- 139 (GE Huss) Edmund Husserl
- 1 (GE Hutch) Francis Hutcheson
- 13 (GE Höld) Friedrich Hölderlin
- 2 (GE Ibn Khal) Ibn Khaldun
- 7 (GE Jacobi) Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi
- 11 (GE James) William James
- 15 (GE Jas) Karl Jaspers
- 2 (GE Jean Paul) Jean Paul
- 2 (GE Jon) Hans Jonas
- 2 (GE Jung) Carl Gustav Jung
- 1 (GE Jungius) Joachim Jungius
- 29 (GE Kafka) Franz Kafka
- 436 (GE Kant) Immanuel Kant
- 2 (GE Kels) Hans Kelsen
- 1 (GE Kelsos) Kelsos
- 55 (GE Kier) Søren Kierkegaard
- 1 (GE Kit) Philip Kitcher
- 2 (GE Klages) Ludwig Klages
- 1 (GE Kleist) Heinrich von Kleist
- 1 (GE Klug) Alexander Kluge
- 1 (GE Kohl) Lawrence Kohlberg
- 1 (GE Kohut) Heinz Kohut
- (GE Kon) Konfuzius
- 1 (GE Kop) Nikolaus Kopernikus
- (GE Krac) Siegfried Kracauer
- 1 (GE Kröner) Franz Kröner
- 16 (GE Kuh) Thomas Kuhn
- 2 (GE Körn St) Stephan Körner
- 1 (GE Lac) Jacques Lacan
- 1 (GE Laka) Imre Lakatos
- 1 (GE Lambert) Johann Heinrich Lambert
- 59 (GE Lei) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- 7 (GE Lenin) Wladimir Iljitsch Lenin
- 8 (GE Less) Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
- 2 (GE Levi) Claude Lévi-Strauss
- 2 (GE Levin) Emanuel Lévinas
- 1 (GE Lewis) Clarence Irving Lewis
- (GE Licht) Georg Christoph Lichtenberg
- 28 (GE Locke) John Locke
- 2 (GE Lotze) Hermann Lotze
- 1 (GE Loyola) Ignatius von Loyola
- 4 (GE Luh) Niklas Luhmann
- 7 (GE Luk) Georg Lukács
- 3 (GE Lukr) Lukrez
- 2 (GE Lull) Raimund Lull
- 4 (GE Luther) Martin Luther
- 2 (GE Lux) Rosa Luxemburg
- 1 (GE Lyot) Jean-Francois Lyotard
- 1 (GE Löwi) Karl Löwith
- 4 (GE Mach) Ernst Mach
- 8 (GE Machi) Niccolò Machiavelli
- 3 (GE Maim) Salomon Maimon
- (GE Maimonides) Moses Maimonides
- 1 (GE Maine) Maine de Biran
- 3 (GE Maleb) Nikolaus Malebranche
- 1 (GE Mann) Klaus Mann
- 1 (GE Mannheim) Karl Mannheim
- 1 (GE Marc) Marc Aurel
- 1 (GE Marcel) Gabriel Marcel
- 5 (GE Marcuse) Herbert Marcuse
- 1 (GE Mari) Jacques Maritain
- 1 (GE Marty) Anton Marty
- 313 (GE Marx) Karl Marx
- 3 (GE McT) John McTaggart
- 3 (GE Mead) George Herbert Mead
- 3 (GE Mein) Alexius Meinong
- 1 (GE Melanch) Philipp Melanchton
- 3 (GE Mend) Moses Mendelssohn
- 7 (GE Merl) Maurice Merleau-Ponty
- 10 (GE Mill) John Stuart Mill
- 7 (GE Mont) Michel de Montaigne
- 3 (GE Montes) Montesquieu
- 3 (GE Moore) George Edward Moore
- 3 (GE Morus) Thomas Morus
- 1 (GE Natorp) Paul Natorp
- 1 (GE Nelson) Leonhard Nelson
- 1 (GE Neu) Otto Neurath
- 1 (GE New) Isaac Newton
- 5 (GE Nova) Novalis
- 333 (GE Nietz) Friedrich Nietzsche
- 13 (GE Ockh) Wilhelm von Ockham
- (GE Origines) Origines
- 2 (GE Overbeck) Franz Overbeck
- 1 (GE Paine) Thomas Paine
- 1 (GE Pannwitz) Rudolf Pannwitz
- 4 (GE Para) Theophrastus Paracelsus
- 1 (GE Pareto) Vilfredo Pareto
- 5 (GE Parm) Parmenides
- 10 (GE Pasc) Blaise Pascal
- 34 (GE Peir) Charles Sanders Peirce
- 1 (GE Pfänder) Alexander Pfänder
- 1 (GE Philo) Philo von Alexandrien
- 3 (GE Piaget) Jean Piaget
- 1 (GE Pico) Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
- 1 (GE Pin) Pindar
- 1 (GE Platen) August Graf von Platen
- 179 (GE Plato) Platon
- 3 (GE Pless) Helmut Plessner
- 14 (GE Plot) Plotin
- 24 (GE Popp) Karl Popper
- 2 (GE Porph) Porphyrios
- 1 (GE Prok) Proklos
- 1 (GE Puf) Samuel Pufendorf
- 3 (GE Put) Hilary Putnam
- 1 (GE Pyth) Pythagoras/Pythagoreer (?)
- 6 (GE Quine) Willard van Orman Quine
- 1 (GE Rams) Frank Plumpton Ramsey
- 1 (GE Ramus) Peter Ramus
- 14 (GE Rawls) John Rawls
- 3 (GE Reid) Thomas Reid
- 3 (GE Rein) Karl Leonhard Reinhold
- (GE Rico) Paul Ricoeur
- 7 (GE Rorty) Richard Rorty
- 1 (GE Ros) Antonio Rosmini
- 1 (GE Rosen) Franz Rosenzweig
- 28 (GE Rous) Jean Jacques Rousseau
- 8 (GE Russ) Bertrand Russell
- 1 (GE Sade) Marquis de Sade
- 2 (GE Saint-Simon) Claude-Henry de Saint-Simon
- 1 (GE Sal) Johannes von Salisbury
- 1 (GE Santa) George Santayana
- 26 (GE Sart) Jean Paul Sartre
- 1 (GE Sau) Ferdinand de Saussure
- 7 (GE Scheler) Max Scheler
- 35 (GE Schell) Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
- 1 (GE Schill) Friedrich Schiller
- 8 (GE Schleg) Friedrich Schlegel
- 5 (GE Schlei) Friedrich Schleiermacher
- 1 (GE Schlick) Moritz Schlick
- 16 (GE Schmitt) Carl Schmitt
- 34 (GE Schop) Arthur Schopenhauer
- 1 (GE Schütz) Alfred Schütz
- 1 (GE Sear) John Searle
- 1 (GE Sen) Amartya Sen
- 8 (GE Seneca) Lucius Annaeus Seneca
- 1 (GE Seume) Johann Gottfried Seume
- 1 (GE Shake) William Shakespear
- 1 (GE Siger) Siger von Brabant
- 1 (GE Silesius) Angelus Silesius
- 5 (GE Simm) Georg Simmel
- 1 (GE Sinclair) Isaak von Sinclair
- 8 (GE Smith) Adam Smith
- 3 (GE Sohn-Rethel) Alfred Sohn-Rethel
- 16 (GE Sokra) Sokrates
- 2 (GE Sorel) Georges Sorel
- 2 (GE Spann) Othmar Spann
- 3 (GE Speng) Oswald Spengler
- 62 (GE Spin) Baruch de Spinoza
- 1 (GE Ssolow) Wladimir Ssolowiow
- 2 (GE Stalin) Joseph Stalin
- 1 (GE Statt) Benedikt Stattler
- 1 (GE Stei) Rudolf Steiner
- 1 (GE Stein) Edith Stein
- 3 (GE Stir) Max Stirner
- 3 (Ge Strauss L) Leo Strauss
- 3 (GE Strauß) David Friedrich Strauß
- 2 (GE Straw) Peter Strawson
- 7 (GE Suar) Francisco Suárez
- 1 (GE Suhraw) Suhrawardi
- 2 (GE Tayl) Charles Taylor
- 4 (GE Teilh) Teilhard de Chardin
- 1 (GE Tert) Tertullian
- 1 (GE Tetens) Johann Nikolaus Tetens
- (GE Theophrast) Theophrast
- 2 (GE Thomasius) Christian Thomasius
- 1 (GE Till) Paul Tillich
- 3 (GE Tocq) Alexis de Tocqueville
- 1 (GE Tol) Lew Tolstoi
- 4 (GE Trotzki) Leo Trotzki
- 1 (GE Val) Paul Valéry
- 1 (GE Valla) Lorenzo Valla
- 5 (GE Vico) Giambattista Vico
- 3 (GE Voe) Eric Voegelin
- 6 (GE Vol) Voltaire
- 1 (GE Walz) Michael Walzer
- 31 (GE Web M) Max Weber
- 2 (GE Weini) Otto Weininger
- 15 (GE White) Alfred North Whitehead
- 1 (GE Wilh) Wilhelm von Auvergne
- 155 (GE Witt) Ludwig Wittgenstein
- 5 (GE Wolff) Christian Wolff
- 1 (GE Wolt) Ludwig Woltmann
- 1 (GE Wright) Georg Henrik von Wright
- 1 (GE Wundt) Wilhelm Wundt
- 1 (GE Zeno) Zenon von Elea
- 1 (GE Zinzendorf) Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf
- 1 (GE Ziz) Slavoy Zizek
- (GE Zwingli) Huldrych Zwingli
- 96 (UI) Allgemeine Handbücher
- 282 (UII) Handbücher zur Philosophie)
- 2 (UIII) Bibliographische Handbücher
- 181 (G) Geschichte der Philosophie (epochenübergreifend)
- 209 (GA) Geschichte der Philosophie (Altertum)
- 176 (GM) Geschichte der Philosophie (Mittelalter)
- 510 (GN) Geschichte der Philosophie (Neuzeit)
- 36 (GO) Geschichte der Philosophie (nichtwestliche Kulturen)
- 313 (SS) Sammel- und Festschriften
- 272 (Z) Zeitschriften
- 413 (AE) Ästhetik
- 126 (AN) Anthropologie
- 1107 (E) Ethik
- 615 (ER) Erkenntnistheorie
- 44 (EX) Existenzphilosophie
- 88 (F) Feministische Philosophie
- 83 (GESCH) Geschichtsphilosophie
- 427 (GS) Gesellschafts-, Sozial- und Handlungstheorie
- 305 (K) Kulturphilosophie
- 324 (L) Logik
- 232 (M) Metaphysik
- 80 (MA) Philosophie der Mathematik
- 549 (N) Naturphilosophie
- 56 (O) Ontologie
- 614 (PS) Philosophie der Psychologie und Philosophie des Geistes
- 281 (R) Religionsphilosophie
- 916 (RS) Rechts-, Staats- und politische Philosophie
- 529 (S) Sprachphilosophie
- 8 (W) Philosophie der Werte
- 628 (WT) Wissenschaftsphillosophie
- Abkhaz
- Achinese
- Acoli
- Adangme
- Adygei
- Afar
- Afrihili
- Afrikaans
- Afro-Asiatic (Other)
- Ainu
- Akan
- Akkadian
- Albanian
- Aleut
- Algonquian languages
- Altaic (Other)
- Amharic
- Angika
- Apache languages
- Arabic
- Aragonese
- Aramaic
- Arapaho
- Araucanian
- Arawak
- Armenian
- Artificial (Other)
- Assamese
- Asturian
- Athapascan languages
- Australian languages
- Austronesian (Other)
- Avaric
- Avestan
- Awadhi
- Aymara
- Azerbaijani
- Balinese
- Baltic (Other)
- Baluchi
- Bambara
- Bamileke languages
- Banda
- Bantu (Other)
- Basa
- Bashkir
- Basque
- Batak (Indonesia)
- Beja
- Belarusian
- Bemba
- Bengali
- Berber (Other)
- Bhojpuri
- Bihari
- Bikol
- Bilin
- Bislama
- Bokmål
- Bosnian
- Braj
- Breton
- Buginese
- Bulgarian
- Buriat
- Burmese
- Caddo
- Carib
- Catalan
- Caucasian (Other)
- Cebuano
- Celtic (Other)
- Central American Indian (Other)
- Chagatai
- Chamic languages
- Chamorro
- Chechen
- Cherokee
- Cheyenne
- Chibcha
- Chinese
- Chinook jargon
- Chipewyan
- Choctaw
- Church Slavic
- Chuukese
- Chuvash
- Coptic
- Cornish
- Corsican
- Cree
- Creek
- Creoles and pidgins (Other)
- Creoles and pidgins, English-based (Other)
- Creoles and pidgins, French-based (Other)
- Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based (Other)
- Crimean Tatar
- Croatian
- Cushitic (Other)
- Czech
- Dakota
- Danish
- Dargwa
- Dayak
- Delaware
- Dinka
- Divehi
- Dogri
- Dogrib
- Dravidian (Other)
- Duala
- Dutch
- Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350)
- Dyula
- Dzongkha
- Eastern Frisian
- Edo
- Efik
- Egyptian (Ancient)
- Ekajuk
- Elamite
- English
- English, Middle (1100-1500)
- English, Old (ca.450-1100)
- Erzya
- Esperanto
- Estonian
- Ewe
- Ewondo
- Fang
- Fanti
- Faroese
- Fijian
- Filipino
- Finnish
- Finno-Ugrian (Other)
- Flemish
- Fon
- French
- French, Middle (ca.1400-1600)
- French, Old (842-ca.1400)
- Frisian
- Friulian
- Fulah
- Ga
- Galician
- Ganda
- Gayo
- Gbaya
- Geez
- Georgian
- 1 German
- German, Middle High (ca.1050-1500)
- German, Old High (ca.750-1050)
- Germanic (Other)
- Gilbertese
- Gondi
- Gorontalo
- Gothic
- Grebo
- Greek, Ancient (to 1453)
- Greek, Modern (1453-)
- Guarani
- Gujarati
- Gwich´in
- Haida
- Haitian
- Hausa
- Hawaiian
- Hebrew
- Herero
- Hiligaynon
- Himachali
- Hindi
- Hiri Motu
- Hittite
- Hmong
- Hungarian
- Hupa
- Iban
- Icelandic
- Ido
- Igbo
- Ijo
- Iloko
- Inari Sami
- Indic (Other)
- Indo-European (Other)
- Indonesian
- Ingush
- Interlingua (International Auxiliary Lan-guage Association)
- Interlingue
- Inuktitut
- Inupiaq
- Iranian (Other)
- Irish
- Irish, Middle (900-1200)
- Irish, Old (to 900)
- Iroquoian languages
- Italian
- Japanese
- Javanese
- Judeo-Arabic
- Judeo-Persian
- Kabardian
- Kabyle
- Kachin
- Kalâtdlisut
- Kalmyk
- Kamba
- Kannada
- Kanuri
- Kara-Kalpak
- Karachay-Balkar
- Karelian
- Karen
- Kashmiri
- Kashubian
- Kawi
- Kazakh
- Khasi
- Khmer
- Khoisan (Other)
- Khotanese
- Kikuyu; Gikuyu
- Kimbundu
- Kinyarwanda
- Kirghiz
- Klingon (Artificial language)
- Komi
- Kongo
- Konkani
- Kootenai
- Korean
- Kosraean
- Kpelle
- Kru
- Kuanyama
- Kumyk
- Kurdish
- Kurukh
- Ladino
- Lahnda
- Lamba (Zambia and Congo)
- Lao
- Latin
- Latvian
- Lezghian
- Limburgish
- Lingala
- Lithuanian
- Lojban (Artificial language)
- Low German
- Lower Sorbian
- Lozi
- Luba-Katanga
- Luba-Lulua
- Luiseno
- Lule Sami
- Lunda
- Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)
- Lushai
- Luxembourgish
- Macedonian
- Madurese
- Magahi
- Maithili
- Makasar
- Malagasy
- Malay
- Malayalam
- Maltese
- Manchu
- Mandar
- Mandingo
- Manipuri
- Manobo languages
- Manx
- Maori
- Marathi
- Mari
- Marshall
- Marwari
- Masai
- Mayan languages
- Mende
- Micmac
- Minangkabau
- Mirandese
- Miscellaneous languages
- Mohawk
- Moksha
- Moldavian
- Mon-Khmer (Other)
- Mongo
- Mongolian
- Mooré
- Multiple languages
- Munda (Other)
- Nahuatl
- Nauru
- Navajo
- Ndebele (South Africa)
- Ndebele (Zimbabwe)
- Ndonga
- Neapolitan
- Nepali
- Newari
- Newari, Old
- Nias
- Niger-Kordofanian (Other)
- Nilo-Saharan (Other)
- Niuean
- Nogai
- Norse, Old
- North American Indian (Other)
- Northern Frisian
- Northern Sami
- Norwegian
- Nubian languages
- Nyamwezi
- Nyanja
- Nyankole
- Nynorsk
- Nyoro
- Nzima
- Occitan (post 1500
- Ojibwa
- Oriya
- Oromo
- Osage
- Ossetic
- Otomian languages
- Pahlavi
- Palauan
- Pali
- Pampanga
- Pangasinan
- Panjabi
- Papiamento
- Papuan (Other)
- Persian
- Persian, Old (ca.600-400 B.C.)
- Philippine (Other)
- Phoenician
- Polish
- Ponape
- Portuguese
- Prakrit languages
- Provençal (to 1500)
- Pushto
- Quechua
- Raeto-Romance
- Rajasthani
- Rapanui
- Rarotongan
- Reserved for local use
- Romance (Other)
- Romani
- Romanian
- Rundi
- Russian
- Salishan languages
- Samaritan Aramaic
- Sami languages (Other)
- Samoan
- Sandawe
- Sango (Ubangi Creole)
- Sanskrit
- Santali
- Sardinian
- Sasak
- Scots
- Scottish Gaelic
- Selkup
- Semitic (Other)
- Serbian
- Serer
- Shan
- Shona
- Sichuan Yi
- Sicilian Italian
- Sidamo
- Sign languages
- Siksika
- Sindhi
- Sinhalese
- Sino-Tibetan (Other)
- Siouan languages
- Skolt Sami
- Slave (Athapascan)
- Slavic (Other)
- Slovak
- Slovenian
- Sogdian
- Somali
- Songhai
- Soninke
- Sorbian languages
- Sotho, Northern
- Sotho, Southern
- South American Indian (Other)
- Southern Altai
- Southern Sami
- Spanish
- Sranan
- Sukuma
- Sumerian
- Sundanese
- Susu
- Swahili
- Swati
- Swedish
- Swiss German
- Syriac
- Tagalog
- Tahitian
- Tai (Other)
- Tajik
- Tamashek
- Tamil
- Tatar
- Telugu
- Temne
- Tereno
- Tetum
- Thai
- Tibetan
- Tigré
- Tigrinya
- Tiv
- Tlingit
- Tok Pisin
- Tokelau
- Tonga (Nyasa)
- Tongan
- Tsimshian
- Tsonga
- Tswana
- Tumbuka
- Tupi languages
- Turkish
- Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928)
- Turkmen
- Tuvalu
- Tuvinian
- Twi
- Udmurt
- Ugaritic
- Uighur
- Ukrainian
- Umbundu
- Undetermined
- Upper Sorbian
- Urdu
- Uzbek
- Vai
- Venda
- Vietnamese
- Volapük
- Wakashan languages
- Walamo
- Walloon
- Waray
- Washo
- Welsh
- Wolof
- Xhosa
- Yakut
- Yao (Africa)
- Yapese
- Yiddish
- Yoruba
- Yupik languages
- Zande
- Zapotec
- Zaza
- Zenaga
- Zhuang
- Zulu
- Zuni
Order by:
- Author/Other person
- Giannozzo Manetti
- Publisher
- Hamburg, Meiner
- Published
- 1990
- Availability
CE 5400 2 TIB Philosophie/Geschichte